It was a multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled study that evaluated the use of phytonadione in asymptomatic patients with an INR between 4.5 and 10. in 2002 investigated the use of phytonadione administration in patients with an INR of 4.5 to 10 and on warfarin therapy. Ī randomized, controlled trial by Cowther et al.

Afanasjeva concluded that giving IV phytonadione can offer an inexpensive alternative to phytonadione tablets, especially when the tablet formulation is in shortage. Also, they found that the unpleasant taste of oral phytonadione was reportedly less when mixed with orange juice. They reiterated the importance of using a filtered needle to avoid glass particles administered to patients. Afanasjeva in 2017 evaluated the safety and efficacy of IV phytonadione orally to reduce cost and in the situation that the tablet formulation of oral phytonadione is unavailable. The researchers found that warfarin reversal is not affected in patients with obesity. There was no significant difference in the route of administration or dose between the patients with obesity and the patients without obesity. The definition of warfarin reversal of warfarin is correcting an international normalized ratio (INR) to ≤ 2.0 within 72 hours after phytonadione administration. In a single-center retrospective cohort study by Luc et al., they assessed the effectiveness of phytonadione to reverse warfarin in patients with obesity defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m^2. IV 10 mg as soon as possible the IV infusion rate should not exceed 1 mg/minute.

Antidot vitamin k1